Solar energy storage via green hydrogen production and liquefaction utilizing proton exchange membrane electrolyzers

Harnessing renewable solar energy is a promising approach to sustainable energy production, offering a clean and efficient power source for various applications. In recent years, green hydrogen production through water electrolysis has emerged as a key area of focus. This method enables the extraction of hydrogen and oxygen from water without generating harmful emissions, aligning with goals for zero-carbon energy systems. In this study, a proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolyzer is analyzed and optimized for water decomposition, providing a scalable solution for green hydrogen production. Bandar Abbas was selected as the target location for the implementation of the proposed system. The study introduces an integrated system to store solar-generated electrical energy in the form of hydrogen gas, serving as a versatile energy storage solution. Performance simulations were conducted using Meteonorm, MATLAB, and PVsyst software to evaluate the operation of the electrolyzer and the photovoltaic system. The optimized PEM electrolyzer achieves a capacity of up to 550 kg/h, successfully producing 438 kg of hydrogen gas, while requiring 6000 kW of electrical power to operate efficiently. This research highlights the feasibility of utilizing solar energy for large-scale hydrogen production and storage, supporting advancements in renewable energy technologies