Slot Optimization Based on Coupled Airspace Capacity of Multi-Airport System

An airport slot is the core resource in the air transportation system. In most busy airports in China, airline demand significantly exceeds the available slot capacity. Scientific and reasonable slot allocation techniques and methods can improve the operational efficiency and benefits of multi-airport systems. Existing research has predominantly addressed slot allocation optimization for individual airports; however, there are differences in the functional positioning and resource allocation during multi-airport slot optimization, which makes cooperative optimization in the context of multi-airport slot allocation difficult. The dynamic sharing of airspace capacity in multi-airport systems is crucial for optimizing airport slot allocation and improving resource utilization efficiency. This study develops a multi-objective optimization model incorporating coupled airspace capacity relationships within multi-airport systems and the fairness of airlines and airports in order to realize the optimal utilization of multi-airport system resources, considering specialized 24 h airport slot coordination parameter patterns and slot firebreaks in China. Finally, the validity and scalability of the model are verified using real flight data from three airports in the Beijing airport terminal area, and simulations are conducted to verify the model. The findings provide a solid reference for the optimization of airport slot timetables in multi-airport systems, having both important theoretical value and practical significance.