Dynamic PI Control Approach for AGC Under Power System Splitting

This study proposes a dynamic control approach for Automatic Generation Control (AGC) that operates effectively under both normal conditions and power system splitting scenarios. The proposed AGC employs a PI controller with a dynamically adjusted integrator gain, which varies based on the difference between the Area Control Error (ACE) and the Area Control Signal (ACS) in each control cycle. By incorporating an online splitting detection method utilizing real-time frequency measurements from all generating units, this approach enhances operational flexibility, ensures uninterrupted AGC functionality during system splitting, and improves control performance through dynamic adaptation. The proposed methodology is validated using software-in-the-loop (SIL) simulations on both the IEEE 9-bus test system and a simplified model of the Turkish transmission system.