Deployment of demand response measures in geographical islands – A survey

Islands face unique challenges in transitioning to sustainable energy systems due to their geographic isolation and resource constraints. Demand response (DR) emerges as a promising tool to optimize energy usage and enhance grid resilience in these contexts. In this study, we systematically review the literature to assess the role of DR in improving energy flexibility on islands. By examining a range of studies that address varied approaches to DR measures, we identify key trends and challenges associated with integrating flexible energy management strategies into island grids. Our analysis reveals that while DR can significantly mitigate the intermittency of renewable energy sources and reduce operational costs, its effective implementation requires addressing unique technical, economic, and social barriers.