When Multipath QUIC Meets Model Predictive Control and Band Sparse Network Coding: A Novel Multipathing Solution for Video Streaming Over Heterogeneous Wireless Networks

Multipath Quick UDP Internet Connections (MPQUIC) integrated with network coding offers a promising approach to improving the Quality of Experience (QoE) for video services over heterogeneous wireless networks. However, a significant challenge arises when encoding nodes transmit potentially redundant packets while awaiting decoding acknowledgments (ACKs) from endpoints. This behavior can limit effective transmission rates, thereby degrading real-time streaming performance and user QoE. In this paper, we propose MP<sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup>-QUIC, which addresses these challenges through a novel adaptive Model Predictive Control (MPC) framework for MPQUIC that optimizes both congestion window and encoding redundancy parameters via a discrete state transition model. By incorporating operating point linearization and leveraging the Central Limit Theorem, MP<sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup>-QUIC effectively enhances the control performance and effective throughput of the model in heterogeneous wireless network environments. MP<sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup>-QUIC further employs Band-Sparse Network Coding (Band-SNC) to minimize computational complexity at endpoints, while utilizing queuing theory principles to determine optimal encoded packet quantities. This integrated approach significantly enhances end-user QoE, and the experimental results demonstrate MP<sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup>-QUIC’s superior performance compared to existing MPQUIC encoding solutions, yielding a 68.85% reduction in peak decoding overhead and marked improvements in Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR).