Multidimensional Scoping Review on Climate Change Vulnerabilities With Adaptation and Mitigation Strategies

Abstract Climate change governance is a subject with high complexity to comprehend in the context of modern political and socioeconomic systems. Evidence shows that climate change is responsible for the spread of infectious diseases, heat-related mortality and morbidity, and other disasters like flooding and storms. More than 17.2 million people around the world are displaced due to climate-related disasters and affected by the conflicts over natural resources, including but not limited to water, agriculture, social, and economic stability. Understanding how to adapt to actual or projected effects of climate change in the Anthropocene involves a number of complex elements, mainly economic and policy interventions. There is a need for climate-smart adaptation and mitigation planning to enable climate-resilient policies that have never been more relevant in the light of accelerated climate-driven disasters. The policies need to be developed based on hard shreds of evidence and economic valuation. In this context, this review article provides a scoping survey and summarizes the essential climate vulnerability stressors and finds diverse mitigation measures. It promotes climate resilience by utilizing adaptation and mitigation strategies to address holistic development in the face of climate change. Further, the study weighs the climate vulnerability assessment indicators specific to water resources and agriculture, social and governance, health and well-being, backed by climate change economics, to effectively plan the tailor-made adaptation policy.