Bridging Innovation and Governance: A Systematic Literature Review of Artificial Intelligence, Electronic Medical Records, and Legal Protection in Healthcare

The rapid digital transformation in healthcare has resulted in the extensive implementation of artificial intelligence (AI) and electronic medical records (EMR), providing significant enhancements in data-driven clinical decision-making and operational efficiency. The objective is to discern prevailing research trends, delineate significant difficulties, and offer strategic insights that harmonize innovation with governance. A systematic literature review, 20 peer-reviewed journal papers published from 2017 to 2024 were chosen based on relevance, methodological rigor, and contribution to the discourse. The data indicate that although AI substantially improves healthcare delivery, its incorporation into EMRs exceeds the establishment of cohesive legal protections. Principal themes encompass data security, liability uncertainty, algorithmic bias, and institutional preparedness. The study indicates that addressing this gap necessitates a multidisciplinary strategy that integrates legal, technical, and ethical factors. Regulatory change, patient-centric policies, and stakeholder collaboration are crucial for the responsible implementation of AI in healthcare.