Exploring barriers and developing strategies for implementing smart supply chain management with Delphi method and ISM-MICMAC

This study attempts to explore the barriers associated with adopting smart supply chain management (SCM 4.0) within Indonesia's electronics industry. This study also constructs the hierarchical framework for these barriers and categorizes them into groups. While many previous studies have explored SCM 4.0, research on its barriers in Indonesia's electronics industry remains limited. This study fills this gap by exploring barriers in Indonesia's electronics industry and emphasizing the government's role in SCM 4.0, providing a detailed understanding of their impact on SCM 4.0 implementation in Indonesia's electronics industry. The findings offer valuable implications for academia by providing new insights about SCM 4.0 in Indonesia's electronics industry, for policymakers by highlighting the need for supportive regulations, and for industry stakeholders by identifying key barriers to effective SCM 4.0 implementation. The initial 21 barriers to SCM 4.0 implementation, derived from the previous study, are validated and ranked using the Delphi method. After the first round of Delphi survey, a barrier, lack of government incentive, is added, and the total of barriers included in the second round is 22 barriers. Based on the results of Delphi survey, 12 barriers are considered essential and further analyzed in the next step. Interpretive structural modeling - cross-impact matrix multiplication applied to classification (ISM-MICMAC) is then utilized to build the hierarchical relationship among the barriers and group them based on their driving power and dependence power. Lack of government regulation and supports and lack of government incentives are the most fundamental barriers, and they are categorized as independent barriers. Based on the results, this study also proposes the SCM 4.0 implementation strategy for Indonesia's electronics industry.