Influence of Different Organic Loading Rates on the Stability and Operational Performance of a UASB Reactor Treating Industrial Slaughterhouse Effluent

Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the influence of different organic loading rates on the stability and operational performance of a UASB reactor treating industrial slaughterhouse effluent. Theoretical Framework: Wastewater from industrial slaughterhouses contains high levels of organic matter and solids with significant polluting potential. Anaerobic digestion in UASB reactors has emerged as an effective treatment alternative, contributing to energy generation and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Methodology: The methodology involved operating a scaled-down UASB reactor subjected to organic loading rates ranging from 2.44 to 23.77 kgCOD/m³.d. Monitoring included analyses of organic matter, solids, pH, temperature, alkalinity (and its fractions), volatile fatty acids, and biogas production and composition. Results and Discussion: The results indicated adequate stability of anaerobic digestion. However, higher organic loading rates led to increased sludge production and operational challenges, reducing methane production and the efficiency of organic matter and solids removal. Research Implications: The correlations between organic loading rates, organic matter indicators, and methane gas production influence the operation and treatment efficiency of UASB reactors. Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature by providing insights to enhance UASB reactors as an efficient and environmentally sustainable solution for treating industrial slaughterhouse effluents.