Особливості використання проєктно-орієнтованого підходу вітчизняними підприємствами

The article investigates the peculiarities of implementation and application of project-oriented approach by Ukrainian enterprises in the context of economic environment transformation and intensified competition in national and international markets. The study analyzes the specifics of adapting international project management standards, particularly PMI PMBOK, PRINCE2, and ISO 21500:2021, to Ukrainian realities considering national cultural characteristics and organizational traditions. Key factors influencing the effectiveness of project approach application in Ukrainian organizations have been identified, including organizational maturity level, personnel readiness for change, availability of appropriate technological solutions, and support from top management. The main problems and obstacles to implementing project-oriented management are examined, including the dominance of hierarchical organizational structures, centralization of decision-making processes, resistance from functional departments regarding resource redistribution, and insufficient level of project competencies among management personnel. The study investigates the influence of national business characteristics, such as high power distance, collectivist orientation, uncertainty avoidance, and polychronic time perception, on the formation of a specific project management model adapted to the domestic context. Specific features of project approach utilization across various sectors of Ukraine's economy have been revealed, particularly in information technology, where the highest level of modern project methodologies implementation is observed, including Agile and DevOps practices; in the agricultural sector, where project approach is primarily applied for investment and modernization programs implementation; and in the public sector, where new approaches to managing socio-economic development projects are being formed. The study analyzes successful practices of matrix organizational structures implementation in large IT companies such as SoftServe and EPAM, and challenges of transforming traditional hierarchical structures in state-owned enterprises, particularly NAK Naftogaz Ukrainy and JSC Ukrzaliznytsia. The necessity of forming hybrid approaches to project management that combine advantages of traditional waterfall methodologies with Agile flexibility and Lean efficiency principles is substantiated to ensure optimal balance between process standardization and adaptability to external changes. Critical competencies of project managers in the domestic context have been defined, including intercultural communication abilities, uncertainty management skills, and competencies for working with distributed teams under hybrid employment conditions. Recommendations for phased implementation of project-oriented approach at Ukrainian enterprises have been developed, including organizational readiness diagnostics, transformation strategy formation, personnel project competencies development, appropriate information systems implementation, and creation of motivation systems oriented toward project activity effectiveness. The practical significance of the research lies in the possibility of using obtained results to enhance the effectiveness of project approaches implementation at Ukrainian enterprises across various industries and sizes, which will contribute to increasing their competitiveness and adaptability to modern business environment challenges.