The Uyghur Diaspora’s Perception Oof Xinjiang and China's Discussions on Renaming Xinjiang

This study examines the Uyghur diaspora's perception of the name Xinjiang ‘新疆’ and adebates within China regarding a possible change to the region’s name. In 1884, the Qing Dynasty (1644-1912) renamed East Turkestan “Xinjiang” to assert Chinese sovereignty and legitimize it. The name “Xinjiang,” meaning “New Frontier” or “New Territory,” implies that the region was newly incorporated into Chinese territory, which Uyghur Turks and the Uyghur diaspora view as neglecting their historical, political, and cultural identities. They reject the term "Xinjiang" as offensive and instead use “East Turkestan” as a way to resist China's domination and affirm their identity. Recent debates in Chinese media and academia about renaming “Xinjiang” reflect concerns that it implies a newly incorporated region, potentially weakening historical and cultural ties and allowing misuse by internal and external forces. There is also a belief that “Xinjiang” does not align with China’s national narrative and policies, particularly regarding concepts like “national Chinese consciousness.” Changing the name is seen as a way to better reflect and strengthen China's national identity and global strategic position, aligning with China’s historical, cultural, and strategic goals. The study examines the history, origin, and usage of “Xinjiang” based on Chinese sources, highlighting how the name has evolved and the impact of various policies on it. It then details the Uyghur diaspora's discomfort with the name due to historical and cultural reasons. The study discusses renaming "Xinjiang" in Chinese media and academia to align with China's national identity and strategic goals, suggesting it could enhance China's narrative and global stance.