Association of -429T/C Rage Gene Polymorphism in type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Diabetic Nephropathy in South Indian Population

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease marked by persistently high blood sugar levels and abnormalities in the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins due to deficiencies in either the secretion or action of insulin, or both. Objective: The objective of the study was to study the association of -429T/C RAGE gene polymorphism in type 2 Diabetes mellitus patients with diabetic nephropathy in south Indian population. Methods: The study was conducted on 100 patients with at least 5 years duration of Type2 Diabetes Mellitus(T2DM), This group was divided into those with Diabetic Nephropathy(DN) (n=50) and those without (n= 50). 50 Healthy controls(HC) without Diabetes mellitus were also added. In all three groups, RAGE gene was amplified and digested with BsmFI and electrophoresed (Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism). Genotype and allelle frequencies were calculated and Chi-squared test was performed. Result: The genotype in Healthy control, T2DM and DN were TT: 78%,58% and 42%;TC:7%, 10% and 15%; CC: 8%, 22% and 28% respectively. Allele frequency of T allele: 0.85, 0.68 and 0.57 respectively and C allele: 0.15, 0.32 and 0.43 respectively. Conclusion: There is a clear decrease in TT genotype and increase in CC genotype as we compare HC to T2DM and T2DM to DN. TT genotype is protective. C allele frequency increases with increase in complication. -429 T/C polymorphism of Rage gene is associated with type2 diabetes mellitus with nephropathy. DOI:https://doi.org/10.52783/jchr.v15.i3.8655