Alzheimer’s disease digital biomarkers multidimensional landscape and AI model scoping review
As digital biomarkers gain traction in Alzheimer's disease (AD) diagnosis, understanding recent advancements is crucial. This review conducts a bibliometric analysis of 431 studies from five online databases: Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, IEEE Xplore, and CINAHL, and provides a scoping review of 86 artificial intelligence (AI) models. Research in this field is supported by 224 grants across 54 disciplines and 1403 institutions in 44 countries, with 2571 contributing researchers. Key focuses include motor activity, neurocognitive tests, eye tracking, and speech analysis. Classical machine learning models dominate AI research, though many lack performance reporting. Of 21 AD-focused models, the average AUC is 0.887, while 45 models for mild cognitive impairment show an average AUC of 0.821. Notably, only 2 studies incorporated external validation, and 3 studies performed model calibration. This review highlights the progress and challenges of integrating digital biomarkers into clinical practice.
Authors
- Xiaohong Zhu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6060-8134)
- Jiaqi Li
- Heming Fu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2221-0143)
- Shihua Cao (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9391-2345)
- Zhenyu Yan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4433-5211)
- Bin Wang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3441-9709)
- Junling Kang
- Guoliang Xing (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1772-7751)
- Lizzy Boots (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8309-4502)
- Chaoqun Dong (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2615-0931)
- Yongze Dong
- Kun Zhang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0738-9958)
- Pan Li (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5396-1273)
- Yunfan He
- Mengjiao Zhao (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5160-0016)
- Hongkai Chen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7206-6584)
- Shen Yao (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5130-1928)
- Xiaodong Lü (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0144-2639)
- Guowei Jiang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2164-4653)
- Shiying Shen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0817-0719)
- Huajuan Shen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3644-4866)
- Yankai Shi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4734-2192)
- Wenhao Qi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8409-8134)
Institutions
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (CN)
- Fujian Medical University (CN)
- Hangzhou Normal University (CN)
- Chinese University of Hong Kong (HK)
- Fudan University (CN)
- Maastricht University (NL)
- Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University (CN)
- Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (CN)
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (CN)
- Stony Brook University (US)
- University of Hong Kong (HK)
Publication Details
- Journal
- npj Digital Medicine
- Published
- 2025-06-16
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-025-01640-z
- Citations
- 27
- Primary Topic
- Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 39.72