Dilemma and Countermeasures of Safety Management of Old Houses in the Context of Resilient Cities

Global warming and urban growth have intensified the need for managing old house safety to build resilient cities. Most old houses worldwide are over 20 years old and face issues like weakened structural integrity, inadequate fire safety, high reliance on government funds, and low digital inspection rates. Different countries have adopted various strategies: Japan's Kobe improved earthquake detection sixfold with satellite and digital twin tech, Berlin enhanced structural monitoring with fiber sensors, and Bangkok cut hazard detection time by two-thirds using drones and AI. Funding solutions include Paris's public-private partnership model, Shenzhen's use of parking revenue for renovations, Singapore's rooftop solar savings, South Africa's disaster fund, and India's developer incentives. Governance approaches involve the EU's three-sector linkage and Seoul's high resident engagement, with Latin American countries reducing residents' costs through subsidies and credits. These measures have cut hidden dangers and detection errors by 60%, boosted social capital involvement by 30-40%, and enhanced emergency response by over 50%. This demonstrates the importance of tech adaptation, local mechanisms, and cooperation in solving old house safety issues, offering a learning path for tech transfer and institutional innovation, as well as improving governance efficiency.