Study of Coracoid Bone Graft Osteolysis Following Latarjet Procedure for Recurrent Traumatic Anterior Shoulder Dislocation

Background: The Latarjet procedure is a reliable and successful method for treating shoulder instability. Despite its success, the Latarjet procedure is associated with a reported complication rate of approximately 15%. Patient and method: The study included 30 patients with recurrent traumatic anterior shoulder dislocation treated with the Latarjet procedure. The age of the patients ranged from 19 to 37 years old, and the mean age was 27.43 ± 5.73. 26 patients were males (86.7%), and 4 patients were females (13.3%). The right side was affected in 16 patients (60%), and the left side was affected in 14 (40%) patients. The dominant side was affected in 19 patients (63.3%), while the non-dominant side was affected in 11 patients (36.7%). Results: Age, smoking, and significant preoperative glenoid bone loss were found as risk factors for increased levels of osteolysis, while gender and dominant side were not. There was no correlation of statistical significance between postoperative (Rowe score) and overall osteolysis of the coracoid bone graft. Conclusion: coracoid bone graft osteolysis is a common finding after the Latarjet procedure within the first six months, predominantly affecting the superficial proximal graft region. Importantly, this osteolysis did not correlate with negative clinical outcomes in our cohort. Age, smoking, and glenoid bone loss emerged as potential risk factors that correlate with levels of bone resorption.