Desenvolvimento de dispositivo para reduzir a pesca fantasma nas pescarias com covos de lagosta no Brasil

Abandoned, lost, or otherwise discarded fishing gear (ALDFG) is an increasing concerning issue. Among its various impacts, one alarming aspect is the persistent capture of target and non-target species, such as turtles, seabirds, and marine mammals, commonly known as “ghost fishing". In Brazil, very few studies have examined the effects of ghost fishing or directly measured marine fauna mortality resulting from it, particularly in the spiny lobster fishery. The socioeconomic significance of this fishery is undeniable, especially in Brazil's northeastern states. Once traps are made from wood sourced from the environment, there is interest in transitioning to iron traps to alleviate pressure on mangrove habitats and enhance gear durability throughout the fishing seasons, although these iron traps are generally more costly and not widely used. Thus, the project developed and tested an Eco-trap with an Anti-Ghost Fishing Device (AGFD) made from biodegradable materials, supported by the GloLitter Partnerships Project. The project also aimed to guide local fishing communities regarding the necessity and performance of these proposed Eco-traps and their AGFD modifications. These technological advancements mitigate ghost fishing and aid in fisheries management, which is crucial for implementing enhanced technologies within these communities. The functionality and efficiency of the AGFD have been validated through fishing trials and discussions with fishing communities, including its straightforward installation and handling. While specifically designed for Brazilian spiny lobster traps, the design features allow the AGFD to be integrated into any trap type. Hence, the Eco-trap project has actively sought the involvement of fishing community representatives at all levels. However, improving fishers' adoption of Eco-trap technologies, new lobster fishery regulations and public policies concerning grants and economic incentives will be necessary. The sustainable utilization of fishing resources, in all their dimensions and complexities, including the adoption of innovative gear technologies to minimize ghost fishing, will contribute to achieving food security and nutrition.