Demographics, Injury Patterns, and Management Profile of Animal Bite Cases in a National Infectious Disease and Research Facility

ABSTRACT Background: Rabies remains to be a neglected tropical disease in the Philippines, with the country reporting a higher number of cases compared to its counterparts in Asia. Objective: To describe the demographics, animal bite characteristics, and post-exposure prophylaxis of animal bite patients coming in for care at the Research Institute for Tropical Medicine (RITM), a large government referral center for infectious diseases, and animal bites. Methods: Electronic patient records from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2019 were obtained from the National Rabies Information System (NaRIS) database of the Department of Health, and summarized using applicable descriptive statistics. Results: A total of 14,614 patients were included over the two-year study period, and more than third of the patients were children below 15 years old, while more than half were adult males. Lower extremities were the most frequently affected area, while with children, more than a third of exposures were in the head and neck areas. Intradermal route was mostly used for the post-exposure prophylaxis, while WHO prequalified vaccines were utilized in more than 90% of the patients. Only 55.7% of patients completed the prophylaxis regimen at RITM. Conclusion: These findings reflect the significant exposure of children from animal bites, and the non-compliance of patients to the prescribed post-exposure prophylaxis. KEYWORDS: Rabies, Animal Bite, Post-Exposure Prophylaxis, Rabies Vaccines