THE EFFECT OF FRAILTY ON BALANCE AND FALL RISK IN TYPE 2 DIABETIC PATIENTS

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of frailty on balance and fall risk in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). A total of 50 individuals diagnosed with type 2 DM, including 25 frail and 25 non-frail individuals were included in the study. The demographic information of the individuals was collected using a prepared case data form. The frailty status of the individuals was evaluated using the Fried Frailty Index. Their cognitive status was assessed using the Standardized MiniMental Test (SMMT), fall risk was evaluated using the Self-Rated Fall Risk Questionnaire (FRQ) and the Falls Efficacy Scale-International. Balance assessment was conducted using the Tinetti Balance and Gait Assessment, Functional Reach Test and Timed Up and Go Test (TUG). The results of our study showed that the mean age of the frail group with type 2 diabetes was 69.08±4.17 years, while it was 67.96±3.41 years for the non-frail group. The average BMI of the individuals was found to be 29.42±3.81, and there was no significant difference in BMI values between the frail and non-frail groups. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences between the groups in Falls Efficacy Scale-International, FRQ, Tinetti Balance and Gait Assessment, Functional Reach Test, and TUG results (p<0.05). It was determined that individuals with type 2 diabetes who are frail have worse balance and a higher risk of falls compared to non-frail individuals. Fraility in individuals with Type 2 Diabetes can significantly affect balance and fall risk.