The What, So What, and What Now of the AI Landscape in Emerging Economies

Artificial intelligence (AI) rapidly transforms global dynamics, significantly impacting various industries and societal sectors. In this systematic review, we explore the state of integration and challenges impeding the adoption of AI in the Global South, a region facing unique developmental and economic challenges. Our analysis of 100 academic literature reviews AI's adoption in these regions across healthcare, education, agriculture, manufacturing, services, and media sectors, identifying key research gaps and regional challenges, including ethical issues and the digital divide. While AI holds transformative potential, its adoption in these regions is hindered by infrastructural deficiencies, skill shortages, and complex policy landscapes. We then offer targeted recommendations for policymakers, academia, entrepreneurs, and NGOs to tailor AI solutions to local needs to address these barriers and enhance economic and social equity. Our review emphasizes the need for collaborative efforts to ensure that AI fosters inclusive growth and sustainable development in the Global South.