Pattern of Bleeding with Histopathological Correlation in Patients Presenting with Abnormal Uterine Bleeding

Background: Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is one of the most common presenting health issues amongst females. It is defined as any bleeding that varies in frequency, duration, and volume of blood flow. Endometrial biopsy followed by histopathology constitutes an important mode of investigation in patients presenting with AUB. The aim of this study was to analyze the histopathological patterns of endometrium in females who present with AUB and to assess the patterns in age various groups. Methods: The study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital of Western Uttar Pradesh, during one year duration. Endometrial biopsies of patients presenting with AUB, in whom all causes of pregnancy were ruled out, have been included in the present study. Results: Out of the 130 cases studied, the majority of biopsies were in the age group of 41-50 years (55.4%). Most of the patients presented with complaints of menorrhagia (70%). The most common histological pattern observed were endometrium in proliferative (35.4%) followed by secretory phase (19.2%). Endometrial hyperplasia was another important histopathological finding observed. Only two cases of endometrial carcinoma were reported during the present study period. Conclusion: Although a regular cyclical pattern of menstruation is observed commonly noted, endometrial biopsy should be done in the peri- and post-menopausal age groups wherein the incidence of endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial carcinoma is more commonly observed. Keywords: AUB, Endometrium, Polyp, Biopsy