VIETNAM’S PRIVATE SECTOR UNDER RESOLUTION 68-NQ/TW: STATUS QUO AND POLICY DIRECTIONS

This article analyzes the role, current situation, and solutions to promote the private economic sector in the context of Vietnam’s implementation of Resolution 68-NQ/TW (2025)—a strategic document that identifies the private sector as the most important driving force of the national economy. By reviewing the current legal framework and assessing the operations of private enterprises, the author highlights major obstacles such as institutional inequality, limited access to capital, and low labor productivity. Based on this analysis, the paper proposes key policy recommendations, including: (i) institutional reform and the promulgation of a Private Economic Development Law; (ii) financial, managerial, and training support for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs); (iii) enhancement of digital transformation and innovation; (iv) transparency in inspection and supervision; and (v) development of industrial clusters and public–private partnerships. These proposals aim to create an enabling ecosystem, enhance competitiveness, and realize the national development aspiration toward 2045.