Development and Usability Evaluation of a Tool to Enhance Cognitive Function through Hand Use in Elderly People with Mild Cognitive Impairment

Objective : Older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) often experience declines in cognitive and motor functions, yet traditional activities such as handicrafts have limitations in promoting cognitive engagement. This study aimed to develop a hand-function-based cognitive enhancement tool to address these limitations. Methods : The “Bead Maze Board” was developed between March and May 2024. A usability evaluation was conducted from January 5 to February 15, 2025, involving 25 older adults with MCI and 36 experts. Participants used the tool and completed a structured survey. Data were analyzed using SPSS 25.0. Results : Both participant groups rated the tool positively in terms of usability, operability, safety, and satisfaction. User satisfaction received the highest ratings in both groups. A statistically significant difference (p < .05) was found in the item “willingness to recommend to others, ” with experts providing higher scores. Subjective feedback indicated the need to improve the tool’s weight, control of bead speed, difficulty adjustment, and material safety. Conclusion : The developed tool was positively received by both older adults with MCI and experts. With further refinement and systematic validation of its effectiveness, it has the potential to be widely applied in rehabilitation hospitals, nursing homes, and community-based care settings.