Differences in Social and Economic Activities and Social Relationships among Older Adults by Housing Type: An Aging-in-Place Perspective

Objective : This study aims to analyze differences in social participation, social networks, and economic activity among older adults based on housing type, from the perspective of Aging in Place (AIP), and to empirically examine how residential environments affect the functional aspects of elderly life. Methods : Using secondary data from the 2023 National Survey of Older Koreans, a total of 10,078 individuals aged 65 or older were included in the final analysis. Key variables included housing type (apartment, detached house, multi-family housing, other), social participation, social networks, and economic activity. The data were analyzed using SPSS 28.0, with cross-tabulation analysis, one-way ANOVA, and Scheffé post hoc tests. Results : The results revealed statistically significant differences by housing type in all three domains: social participation (F=113.51, p<.001), social networks (F=101.68, p<.001), and economic activity (F=86.88, p<.001). Older adults residing in detached houses or other housing types showed significantly higher levels of engagement across all areas compared to those living in apartments or multi-family housing. In particular, those in detached houses had the strongest social network scores. Conclusion : These findings suggest that housing type is a critical factor influencing older adults’ social engagement and independent living. To realize Aging in Place effectively, integrated housing policies that address not only residential stability but also social connectivity, active participation, and economic independence are essential.