The Climate and Environmental Change and the Challenges of Mongolia's Economy and Society

The primary purpose of this paper is to explore the process and consequences of climate change affecting Mongolia's natural environment and subsequently affecting the social environment, and the countermeasures are dealt with in terms of Korea-Mongolia cooperation. The research method is based on literature research and mainly referred to Mongolian national statistics. According to the results of studies, Mongolia's agricultural land, forest resources, and water resources have decreased due to climate change, while the natural environment is deteriorating as land for special needs such as deserts increases. As a result, the number of small-scale nomads and the proportion of agricultural and herding workers are decreasing in terms of social environment, and problems such as housing problems, traffic congestion, urban poor, and air pollution are occurring due to the increase in urban migration of rural populations. As a cooperation task between Korea and Mongolia to respond to these problems, cooperation for supporting the nomadic industry, joint cooperation for preventing desertification, cooperation for securing water resources, improvement of air pollution and eco-friendly energy cooperation, and technical cooperation are proposed.