Anti-Ulcer Potential of <i>Artocarpus lakoocha</i> Phytomolecules: GC-MS, Isolation, Characterization, HPTLC, <i>In-Vitro</i> Bioactivity, <i>In-Silico</i> Profiling, and DFT Studies

This study investigates the potential of Artocarpus Lakoocha (AL)-derived compounds in inhibiting H[Formula: see text], K[Formula: see text]-ATPase enzyme activity and reducing gastric acid secretion, a key therapeutic target for treating gastric disorders. Computational and experimental analyses identified Quercetin, a flavonoid in AL, as a potent inhibitor of H[Formula: see text], K[Formula: see text]-ATPase. Quercetin exhibited strong inhibitory activity with an IC[Formula: see text]value of 40.29 [Formula: see text]g/mL, similar to the standard drug omeprazole. Molecular docking revealed stable binding and hydrophobic interactions with key amino acid residues. Furthermore, the study evaluated the bioavailability and drug-like properties of various AL-derived compounds, finding that stigmasterol and beta-sitosterol exhibited favorable absorption and permeability characteristics. Quercetin’s anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects further support its potential as a natural alternative for managing gastric acid-related diseases. These findings provide valuable insights for the development of phytochemical-based therapies.