Nanorobotics in Precision Surgery: The Future of Minimally Invasive Procedures

Nanorobotics is a fast-emerging, innovative technological intervention for precision surgery. This review articulates the incorporation of nanorobotics into surgical applications and explores how this technology will start a revolution in medical intervention at unprecedented levels of accuracy at the cellular and molecular levels. The paper discusses different kinds of nanorobots, including magnetically controlled and biohybrid robots, with applications ranging from oncology to neurosurgery. Nanorobots are capable of performing targeted drug delivery, tissue regeneration and precise cellular-level manipulations unreachable by conventional techniques. Future directions involve artificial intelligence and real-time imaging to enhance the autonomy and precision of nanorobotic systems. The present review discusses current developments, and future opportunities and further bridges gaps related to technological, regulatory and ethical considerations for clinical applications of nanorobotics in surgery.