Comprehensive Analysis of <i>Nigella sativa</i> from North Central Nigeria: Phytochemical, Elemental, and Potential Medicinal Properties

We investigated the elemental composition and phytochemical content of Nigella sativa seed powder Using ICP-MS elemental analysis while the constituent phytochemicals were analyzed both qualitatively and quantitatively. The results were analyzed using correlation, and regression visualizations, to understand how these elemental groups interact with and influence phytochemical profiles. The summary statistics revealed differential patterns, with micro and trace elements exhibiting weak positive correlations with phytochemical levels, while macro elements displayed a moderate negative association. A comprehensive correlation heatmap further underscored these findings by highlighting subtle yet distinct pairwise interactions between element means and phytochemical concentrations. Scatter plots accompanied by regression lines provided additional visual evidence, illustrating the distribution and trend lines that characterize these relationships. Our analysis suggests that the elemental dynamics in Nigella sativa could be governed by both synergistic and antagonistic mechanisms, wherein the abundance of macro elements may competitively inhibit phytochemical synthesis, and the more limited presence of micro and trace elements might facilitate a favorable environment for phytochemical formation. These insights provide a fresh perspective on the biochemical pathways influencing plant nutrient composition and underscore the importance of balanced elemental management in optimizing both crop quality and nutritional value. Overall, the findings of this study contribute to a deeper understanding of elemental-phytochemical interactions and offer promising directions for future research in plant science and agricultural optimization.