Evolution of the concept of management of patients with diabetes

The article presents the results of the analysis of approaches to diabetes mellitus treatment in the historical aspect, from the beginning to the modern views. The fundamental principles of diabetes therapy and pharmacological prevention of its complications are summarized, and based on international recommendations created by specialists from the American Diabetes Association, the European Society of Endocrinology, and state clinical institutions. Current understanding emphasizes the connection between the clinical progression of diabetes mellitus and alterations in the gut microbiota makeup, which is crucial in regulating numerous metabolic processes, including glucose metabolism. It is highlighted how continuous glucose monitoring technologies, namely insulin pumps, telemedicine, and personalized medicine might help sustain remission. The prospects of using alternative treatment methods, including islet cell transplantation, as a means of totally curing diabetes are taken into consideration