Geant4 Simulations of a Scintillator Cosmic-Ray Detector

Reliable cosmic-ray measurements require a thorough understanding of the detector used. It is especially important when detectors are very simple like the scintillator detectors considered in this work, which provide only information about the amplitude of the signal generated by a detected particle. Arrays of these devices can work in coincidental setups to detect Extensive Air Showers caused by high-energy primary cosmic rays. Due to their low cost and simple design, they can be used as elements of large detector networks needed for the search for global correlations in the cosmic rays. To be able to interpret data collected by those arrays, extensive simulations of such detectors are necessary to determine their efficiency of detection of different types of particles. This work presents the results of analysis of such simulations performed using the Geant4 software (v1.1.2). The analysis results lead to the conclusion that detectors feature almost maximal (close to 100%) efficiency for the detection of cosmic-ray muons and electrons with momenta greater than 0.03 GeV/c. Their sensitivity to low-energy electrons and photons is lower but not negligible and has to be properly taken into account during the interpretation of collected data.