Anomalous Deformations in the Earth’s Surface in the Zone of Inclined Faults as a Factor of Geodynamic Hazard of Oil and Gas Facilities

The influence of inclined faults on the assessment of geodynamic hazard of oil and gas field infrastructure facilities and underground gas storage facilities is discussed. An overview of existing analytical models for the formation of anomalous vertical displacements of the Earth’s surface in the vicinity of inclined faults of the strike-slip and extension types is given. It is shown that, at certain tilt angles, the shape of the distribution curves of vertical displacements in the vicinity of faults of different genesis coincides, which significantly complicates the solution of inverse problems of recent geodynamics of fault zones and the construction of adequate geomechanical models of the formation of a local stress-strain state in the vicinity of these zones. A comparison of model displacement curves with the results of geodynamic monitoring at an underground gas storage facility shows the need for identifying and subsequently selecting displacement anomalies by the type of local displacements (shear or extension) in fault zones for an effective assessment of the geodynamic hazard of field infrastructure facilities located in the vicinity of activated faults.