Primary Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Uterus and Not the Cervix—A Case Report and Literature Review

Primary endometrial squamous cell carcinoma (PESCC) is a rare pathology. Data regarding diagnosis and treatment is limited and is solely based on case reports and series. We report a unique case of a postmenopausal woman with a history of HIV and anal cancer s/p radiation therapy 8 years prior. The patient's presenting diagnosis was malodorous vaginal discharge refractory to antibiotics. The patient had a significant delay in diagnosis since the onset of symptoms despite extensive workup but eventually underwent surgical staging by gynecologic oncology with a diagnosis of Stage IB PESCC. Despite her reported history of anal cancer for which she received an incomplete course of pelvic radiation, the case was discussed at tumor board and the patient was deemed a candidate for external beam radiation therapy. In our report, we discuss, in detail, the patient's presentation, course, and treatment and review the literature.