DNA Binding with Dipyrromethene Ruthenium(II) Complexes
Four new arene–ruthenium(II) complexes [(η6-p-cymene)RuCl(dpm)], where dpm are hexa-(L3–L5) and meso-substituted (L6) dipyrromethene ligands, were synthesized. These ligands and the corresponding complexes were thoroughly characterized by elemental analysis and spectroscopic techniques (MS, IR, 1H, 13C NMR, and UV–vis), and the structures of one ligand and three ruthenium complexes were determined by X-ray single-crystal analysis. The DNA-binding ability of the Ru-3–Ru-6 complexes was evaluated by UV–vis DNA titration. Compound Ru-3 exhibited the highest binding energy, outperforming the complexes containing a dipyrrin ligand substituted by chlorides (Ru-4 and Ru-5) or a meso-substituted dipyrrin (Ru-6). Molecular docking revealed that the hypothetical Ru-1 and Ru-2 complexes, which contain iodide ligands in the dipyrrin structures, showed higher DNA-binding affinities than Ru-3. Computational calculations supported the experimental results, confirming that Ru-3 has a higher affinity for DNA than the other complexes.
Authors
- Jorge Alí‐Torres (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1354-8713)
- Rubén A. Toscano (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4380-9251)
- Ronan Le Lagadec (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5679-2081)
- Marcos Flores-Ãlamo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2996-7616)
- Alexander D. Ryabov (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5255-1395)
- Adrián L. Orjuela (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2789-3948)
- Carmen Mejía (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3210-4213)
- Andrés Restrepo-Acevedo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0279-2622)
- Maria Isabel Murillo Rodríguez (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0312-0461)
- Benjamin Barraud
Institutions
- Universidad Nacional de Colombia (CO)
- Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Servicios de Alta Tecnología (PA)
- Carnegie Mellon University (US)
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (MX)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Inorganics
- Published
- 2025-06-13
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics13060198
- Citations
- 2
- Primary Topic
- Metal complexes synthesis and properties
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 2.09
Funders
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
- Dirección General de Asuntos del Personal Académico, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México