The Genus Syzygium Gaertn. - A Phytochemically-Enriched Reservoir for the Bioengineering of Nanostructures and its Role in Nanofabrication

The non-toxic and eco-sustainable fabrication of plant-based nanoparticles led to a boon in the material science field, with distinct medicinal plants producing nanostructures of diverse applications. Syzygium Gaertn. is an underexplored genus belonging to the 8th most prominent angiosperm family, Myrtaceae. It is primarily used as an alternative medicine in traditional healthcare systems such as Ayurveda and for developing modern drugs. The phytochemically-enriched plant parts aid in the synergistic reduction, capping, and stabilizing of metal precursors, producing nanostructures with prompt efficiency. A comprehensive, systematic overview of the taxonomy, chemical disparity, and the putative role of phytochemicals in nanofabrication are discussed in this review through available scientific information. Also, the review aims to highlight the need for an inclusive scientific investigation on the underexplored Syzygium spp., characteristically reported from the Southern-Western Ghats of India. Scientific databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Web of Science, Springer, Wiley Online Library, ResearchGate links, and published books were utilized for retrieving relevant literature.