Abuses and attacks on blockchain systems

Blockchain systems are ever more ubiquitous in all business sectors, but the primary user of these technologies is the financial industry. This paper aims to explore attacks on blockchain systems, specifically determining the intensity of these attacks in the past and the extent of their consequences. Throughout history, the types and methods of attacks on blockchain systems have evolved, and with that, the intensity of these attacks has increased. The results of attacks on blockchain systems are short-term instabilities that cause changes in cryptocurrency prices and a decrease in trust in them, but in the long term, attacks and abuses do not have a strong impact. In fact, there is an improvement of these systems after the attacks and abuses. The research shows that the most common type of attack is the 51% attack. The primary aim of the abuses was the misappropriation of funds, but also proving the weakness of the system on which the attacks were carried out.