The Impact of Occupational Radiation Exposure on Radiographers and the Practical Realities of Radiation Protection Practices

ABSTRACT Occupational radiation exposure poses a significant health risk to radiographers working with ionizing radiation in clinical settings. This study investigates exposure levels and evaluates the effectiveness and implementation of radiation protection practices. Using a mixed-methods approach, it combines dosimetry data, surveys, interviews, and observations across healthcare institutions. Findings reveal that while radiographers understand radiation safety protocols, factors such as heavy workloads, inadequate infrastructure, outdated training, and weak institutional enforcement hinder consistent application. Although exposure levels often fall within limits set by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP), cumulative exposure can lead to long-term health risks like cancer, cataracts, and reproductive issues. Psychological impacts, including stress and burnout, are also prevalent. The study highlights disparities in safety practices, especially between well-resourced urban hospitals and underfunded rural facilities. To address these challenges, the research recommends standardized safety training, investment in shielding technologies, appointment of radiation safety officers (RSOs), and promotion of transparent reporting and communication systems. Ultimately, ensuring radiographers' safety requires more than regulatory compliance; it demands a cultural shift toward prioritizing radiation safety in daily clinical operations to protect health professionals and maintain quality radiological services.