Tarefas matemáticas em uma abordagem exploratória: tipos, natureza e desafios

The article addresses the teaching of exploratory Mathematics as opposed to traditional or direct teaching, with the objective of analyzing tasks, considering the types, nature and challenges for the teaching of Mathematics. The question is: How can we classify mathematical tasks? What are the challenges for the teaching of Mathematics? Qualitative research is carried out, in articles published in the journal Bolema, for the selection and classification of mathematical tasks aimed at the Final Years of Elementary School. Five tasks are considered, which are classified according to the types (exercise and exploratory), the nature (closed and open) and the degree of challenge (low and high), which can be modified according to the teacher's directions, the students' knowledge and the approaches to the class. Tasks are fundamental to students' learning, so there is a need to choose mathematical tasks that have pedagogical intentionality, are diverse, and are challenging.