Evolutionary Game Analysis of Fire Protection Design and Urban Characteristics in Ancient Chinese Capitals

Using an evolutionary game theory theoretical framework, this paper explores the correlation between strategies in fire protection design and urban characteristics in ancient Chinese capitals. By analyzing two historic cities, Beijing and Kaifeng, in detail, the paper examines the roles of various factors, such as rulers, architects, residents, climatic conditions, and urban characteristics, in fire protection design and their interrelationships. The results of the study show that the unique characteristics of cities play a crucial role in the effectiveness of fire protection design and need to be fine-tuned and optimized under the combined influence of political, cultural, natural and human factors. The aim of this paper is to provide new perspectives and methods for a deeper understanding of the development process of ancient cities, and to explore how to optimize fire protection design effectively.