An Unusual Case of Disseminated Hydatid Disease: A Laparoscopic Wonder

Human echinococcosis, caused by Echinococcus tapeworms, is a zoonotic disease in which ingested eggs of the tapeworm form cysts in the organs known as Hydatid cysts. These cysts are commonly found in the Liver and lungs, but in rare cases, they can also be found in the spleen, ovaries, round ligament, and peritoneal cavity. Treatment typically involves surgery. This is a case of a 32-year-old female who presented with chief complaints of pain in the abdomen for 2 months, which was associated with nausea, vomiting, reduced appetite, and increased size of mass per abdomen. Further investigations revealed the presence of multiple disseminated hydatid cysts in the upper abdomen and the peritoneal cavity. This was a rare & unusual entity that was meticulously managed by minimally invasive laparoscopic surgery. Echinococcosis can occur anywhere in the body, with concurrent localizations in the liver, spleen, round ligament, ovaries, and peritoneal cavity, which are rare and pose a diagnostic as well as a surgical management challenge. The inconvenience of multiple localization and the risk of contamination usually lead to open surgery in these cases. The presented case is unique due to the laparoscopic approach to the multiple localizations of hydatid disease, advocating for a minimally invasive first-line approach even in these particular localizations.