Decentralized Control Strategy for Voltage Regulation in Islanded DC Microgrids

Every distributed energy resource (DER), including battery systems and solar panels, has local controllers that respond to variations in frequency and voltage to modify power generation in order to maintain voltage stability. In this context, traditional droop control is commonly used to control variable states of charge (SoC) in battery energy storage systems (BESS) and to enable decentralized control for load sharing among distributed generator (DG) units. While grid integration provides increased flexibility and resilience, decentralizing energy management allows the system to optimize local energy resources independently, creating a resilient and flexible system that can react to changing grid conditions.