Prospective Pharmaceutical Counseling in the Management of Anxiety and Depressive Disorders (Literature Review)

Mental disorders, which affect approximately 450 million individuals worldwide, are associated with a range of comorbid pathological conditions, increased healthcare costs, and increased use of healthcare resources. Even before the onset of full-scale war, 30% of Ukrainians reported experiencing at least one episode of a mental disorder during their lifetime. However, in our time the situation has been significantly worsened by the traumatic experience of military activity. In the 21st century, clinical pharmacists have emerged as key participants in the management of patients with anxiety and depressive disorders. Their roles include screening for such disorders; monitoring the treatment of patients with established diagnoses; identifying individuals experiencing drug-related problems (DRP). The effectiveness of treatment monitoring and the screening of suicidal ideations conducted by clinical pharmacists has been confirmed in numerous studies. Pharmacists showed aversion to the use of antidepressants, side effects of treatment and other DRP, after approval by the supervising physician, they eliminated them, and also organized patient monitoring. Various models of clinical pharmacist participation in the management of patients with anxiety and depressive disorders were proposed (creation of a resource center at the pharmacy, full-time employment of a pharmacist at a psychiatric hospital, formation of a system of remote telemedical consultations of clinical pharmacists, etc.). Comprehensive medical care with the participation of a clinical pharmacist is characterized by pharmacoeconomic feasibility, which is important for the conditions of modern Ukraine. Conclusions. Given the considerable workload of primary care physicians and the high prevalence of mental health disorders in war conditions, Ukraine is experiencing an urgent need for closer collaboration between physicians and clinical pharmacists. Such interaction can improve psychiatric patient adherence to treatment, reduce DRP, increase the likelihood of achieving therapeutic goals, and reduce overall treatment costs.