echnologyIntegrationEfficacy(TIE)inICT and AI Adoption: A Case study

Underdeveloped regions like Nepal face persistent inequalities in adopting information and communication technologies (ICT) and artificial intelligence (AI), despite their growing global relevance in business and higher education. Existing research predominantly focuses on developed economies, leaving significant gaps in localized studies addressing policy and infrastructure constraints. Methodology: This study systematically evaluates AI and ICT adoption in Nepal using the Technology Integration Efficacy (TIE) framework, focusing on four dimensions: Infrastructure Quality (IQ), User Proficiency (UP), Policy Alignment (PA), and Output Efficiency (OE). Findings: Findings reveal that inadequate infrastructure, skill deficits, weak policy frameworks, and ethical concerns are major barriers to AI adoption in Nepal’s higher education sector. Nonetheless, opportunities exist in AI-driven research, technology-enabled business models, and predictive analytics applications, particularly in human resource management. Conclusions: The study emphasizes the importance of multidisciplinary research, robust policy development, and sustainable infrastructure investments to enhance technological integration. Practical recommendations are provided for policymakers, educators, and business leaders to ensure ethical and effective AI deployment within Nepal's socioeconomic context. How to cite this article: Gautam T P, Mishra AK, Technology Integration Efficacy (TIE) in ICT and AI Adoption: A Case study. J Adv Res Electro Engi Tech2025; 12(3&4): 1-14.