Research on the Mechanism of Digital Economy in Enhancing the Green Innovation Efficiency of Chinese Cities

绿色创新在推动区域高质量发展中起到至关重要的作用，数字经济提升绿色创新效率对落实创新驱动发展战略和提高城市绿色发展水平具有重大意义。本文基于我国275个地级及以上城市2011~2022年的面板数据，利用超效率SBM模型、纵横向拉伸法对绿色创新效率和数字经济进行测度，进而系统研究数字经济对绿色创新效率的影响机制，探究要素配置和产业结构的中介作用、市场水平和政府治理的调节作用。研究结果表：1) 数字经济对绿色创新效率的提升有着显著促进作用，呈现差异化驱动格局，这一结论经过一系列稳健性检验保持稳定。2) 机制分析表明，数字经济通过改善劳动价格扭曲显著推动着绿色创新效率提升，但产业结构惯性与资本价格扭曲形成抑制效应；市场化水平构成正向调节变量，过度行政干预则产生效率折损。3) 异质性分析显示，数字经济水平、资源禀赋、城市等级三维异质性检验，发现数字经济具有跨域效率趋同效应。基于实证研究结果，文章提出了在推动数字化、绿色化助力经济高质量发展的对策建议。Green innovation plays a crucial role in promoting high-quality regional development. The enhancement of green innovation efficiency by the digital economy is of great significance for implementing the innovation-driven development strategy and improving the green development level of cities. Based on the panel data of 275 prefecture-level and above cities in China from 2011 to 2022, this paper measures the green innovation efficiency and the digital economy using the super-efficiency SBM model and the longitudinal stretching method, and then systematically studies the impact mechanism of the digital economy on the green innovation efficiency, and explores the mediating role of factor allocation and industrial structure, as well as the moderating role of market level and government governance. The research results are as follows: 1) The digital economy has a significant promoting effect on the improvement of green innovation efficiency, presenting a differentiated driving pattern. This conclusion remains stable after a series of robustness tests. 2) Mechanism analysis shows that the digital economy significantly promotes the improvement of green innovation efficiency by improving labor price distortion, but the inertia of industrial structure and capital price distortion have an inhibitory effect; marketization level constitutes a positive moderating variable, and excessive administrative intervention leads to efficiency loss. 3) Heterogeneity analysis shows that the three-dimensional heterogeneity test of digital economy level, resource endowment, and city grade reveals that the digital economy has a cross-domain efficiency convergence effect. Based on the empirical research results, the paper puts forward countermeasures and suggestions for promoting digitalization and greenization to contribute to high-quality economic development.