Microplastics in the ecosystems: Impacts on environmental sustainability

The need for assured well-being and self-perpetuation entails that humans will subtly disturb their natural ecosystems to augment beneficial product yields. The use of certain agricultural inputs and containers introduces levels of environmental pollutants and contaminants pesticides, fertilizers, plant growth regulators, and recently microplastics (MPs). Microplastics pollution is a significant burden on ecosystems and has potential ecological impacts. The contamination by MPs has been observed in various environmental areas such as land, water, and air compartments are interconnected and should be studied in an integrated way. Literature on MPs research and recognition of research gaps in various environmental field issues that need to be addressed to set future research priorities. MPs may increase possible ecological risks by introducing additional micropollutants into living things. Additional impacts of MPs and organic pollutants (OPs) coexisting include increased toxicity, bioaccumulation, physical harm, altered microbial populations, and ecological disruption. The ecological harm that MPs, OPs, and heavy metals provide to biota in freshwater, marine, and terrestrial environments is being revealed by this endeavor. Additionally, the potential ecological and environmental preservation viewpoint on sustainable growth was clarified. Effective mitigation methods, an examination of ecological impacts, and a thorough understanding of contamination sources are necessary for managing MPs pollution.