Effectiveness of digital storybooks based on Balinese culture for enhancing cultural-civic literacy and Pancasila education outcomes

The integration of local cultural content in educational materials has been increasingly recognized as an effective approach to enhance student engagement and learning outcomes. Empirical evidence on the specific impacts of digital storybooks based on local culture remains limited. This study aims to evaluate and determine the effectiveness of implementing digital storybooks based on Balinese local culture to enhance cultural civic literacy and learning outcomes of Pancasila education among fifth-grade elementary students. The effectiveness testing engaged 114 fifth-grade students in Jembrana Regency. The effectiveness analysis used multivariate analysis techniques and effect size transformation. The results show that digital storybooks demonstrated high effectiveness in enhancing cultural civic literacy and learning outcomes of Pancasila education. The effect size (ES) for cultural civic literacy was 0.849 indicating a high level of effectiveness. For Pancasila education learning outcomes, the effect size was 0.872 reflecting high effectiveness. When considering both cultural civic literacy and learning outcomes simultaneously, the effect size was 0.851 confirming the substantial impact of the digital storybooks. The conclusion suggests that digital storybooks based on Balinese local culture are highly effective tools for improving cultural civic literacy and Pancasila education learning outcomes. These results support the integration of local cultural content into educational materials.