Assessment of The Sustainability Status of Koi (Cyprinus rubrofuscus) Farming in Kediri District, East Java by Using A Multidimensional Perspective

Koi fish (Cyprinus rubrofuscus) is one of the key commodities with significant economic value in the non-consumption freshwater aquaculture sector in Kediri District. Production has increased at an average rate of 8.5% per year. However, the development of koi farming faces several challenges, including pest and disease outbreaks, declining water quality, climate change, rising production costs, unstable prices, and suboptimal cooperation among stakeholders. This study assessed the sustainability status of koi farming in Kediri District, East Java, using the Rapfish method, which incorporates 33 attributes across five dimensions: ecological, economic, social, technological, and institutional. The data collected included both primary data (using purposive sampling) and secondary data. The analysis employed multidimensional scaling, Monte Carlo simulation, and sensitivity analysis. The results indicated a moderate level of sustainability, with an overall average index of 70.53. The dimension-specific indices were as follows: ecological (87.18), economic (66.22), social (83.69), technological (49.87), and institutional (66.69). Key challenges include pest and disease outbreaks, price volatility, and weak institutional coordination. To address these issues, the study recommends promoting the formation of Water User Farmer Associations (HIPPA) and strengthening their institutional capacity. Additionally, further research is needed to better understand disease characteristics and develop effective mitigation strategies to enhance koi fish resistance to viral infections.