Enhanced Recovery After Surgery in Obstetrics and Gynecology: Professional-Review

Background: Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocols increase the efficacy of physiological recovery from surgery via evidence-based perioperative care. Though widely adopted in various specialties, their application in obstetrics and gynecology needs targeted evaluation due to unique physiological and clinical factors. Aim: This review aimed to assess current evidence on ERAS protocols in obstetrics and gynecology, focusing on implementation strategies, clinical outcomes, and healthcare impact, while identifying specialty-specific considerations and areas for future growth. Methods: A literature search was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar for peer-reviewed articles published from January 2019 to December 2023. Selected studies were evaluated through a systematic approach for implementation, outcomes, impacts on healthcare, and were inclusive of diverse research designs. A narrative synthesis approach was employed. Results: 24 studies met the inclusion criteria, including randomized trials, cohort studies, and reviews. ERAS protocols showed consistent benefits: reduced postoperative pain, shorter hospital stays, decreased opioid use, and improved patient satisfaction. With regards to obstetrics, cesarean-centric protocols boosted pain management and patient mobilization, while gynecology, particularly oncology, saw fewer complications and faster recovery with ERAS implementation. Collaborative teamwork was essential, especially with the positive impact on the economics of reduced healthcare utilization. Conclusions: ERAS protocols provide significant benefits in obstetrics and gynecology. Adaptation by specialists specific to the discipline is essential, as is staff education and team cohesion. Standardization of protocols, incorporation of digital elements, and focus on outpatient services are optimal areas for future enhancement of ERAS protocols.