Cryoablation Technology:Mechanism, Medical DeviceSystem, Applications, and Future Directions.

Cryoablation is a minimally invasive procedure that has emerged as an attractive alternative for treating various diseases by leveraging subzero temperatures rather than heat. Unlike conventional heat‐based ablation methods, which destroy tissue by generating intracellular and extracellular ice crystals that often lead to collateral damage, Cryoablation selectively eradicates pathological tissue while preserving surrounding structures. This paper reviews traditional thermal ablation techniques and their inherent challenges, then introduces Cryoablation as a promising solution. This paper focuses on Cryoablation technology, engineering design, and applications. In particular, the design of cryoablation systems (including advanced cryogen delivery and probe configurations) and their integration with imaging modalities are highlighted as critical components for precision medicine. The impact and potential of Cryoablation are discussed in the contexts of oncology, cardiology, gastroenterology, and regenerative medicine. Emerging trends, such as real-time thermal mapping and integration with immunotherapy, underscore the transformative potential of Cryoablation for future healthcare delivery.