Impact of goal-directed fluid therapy on serum cytokines (IL-2, IFN-g, TNF-a, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10) in elderly patients undergoing thoracotomy

Perioperative goal-directed fluid therapy for elderly patients with thoracotomy is beneficial to maintaining perioperative hemodynamic stability, improving serum levels of TH1 and TH 2 cytokines, reducing the body's inflammatory response, and facilitating early postoperative recovery. This was a novel finding that needs further investigation.