The argument that external fraud should be the sole criterion for refusing to recognize and enforce foreign court judgments and its prospects

The recognition and enforcement of commercial judgments and rulings in the cross-border context have always been a crucial aspect of international trade transactions. Particularly in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, which caused a global economic halt, international trade disputes have surged, making the recognition and enforcement of international commercial judgments increasingly significant. The fraud exception in the cross-border recognition and enforcement of commercial judgments has emerged as a pressing issue. It is prevalent in practice and presents complex challenges that require resolution. This article will discuss whether external fraud should be the sole criterion for refusing to recognize and enforce foreign judgments.The aim is to logically outline the institutional framework for the recognition and enforcement of judgments in the realm of cross-border transactions.