Lactose Intolerance in Dogs: Review

Dog lactose intolerance is a common condition caused by low levels of the lactase enzyme, which must digest the lactose in milk. While puppies possess sufficient lactase to digest the mother's milk, this decreases as the dogs grow up, leading to diarrhea, bloating, and vomiting after consuming dairy food. It can be treated by replacing ordinary milk with lactose-free products, which are nutritious without causing any gastrointestinal distress. Colostrum, which is the first milk produced after parturition, is vital to the survival of new puppies. It contains antibodies that help the immune system during the first few months of life. Puppies must consume the colostrum during the first 24-48 hours of life in order to gain these antibodies to reduce infections and mortality rates. Colostrum also contains vital nutrient components such as proteins, fats, and bioactive elements that are important to build the digestive and muscular systems. Dog milk has a rich fat (7.5%) and protein (8.5%) composition, which is appropriate for the rapid growth of puppies. Lactose may be difficult for adult dogs to digest since lactase secretion decreases after weaning. Lactose-free milk or commercial milk replacers can be used to provide normal nutrition to orphaned puppies or lactose-intolerant pups. Clinical signs such as pain and swelling and changes in milk appearance can be diagnostic in mastitis in female dogs. Laboratory tests such as pH analysis and cytology are important for correct diagnosis and treatment at an early stage.